Inverse of a 2×2 Matrix Calculator

Published on: September 28 2025

This Inverse of a 2×2 Matrix Calculator helps you find the inverse of a 2×2 matrix and shows each step clearly. It works by first finding the determinant, then swapping the main diagonal entries, changing the signs of the off-diagonal entries, and multiplying by the reciprocal of the determinant. This makes it useful for checking answers, understanding how a matrix inverse is found, and practising linear algebra step by step.

Step-by-step method

  1. Write the matrix A.
  2. Use det( A ) = ad − bc.
  3. Substitute values to compute det( A ).
  4. Use A⁻¹ = ( 1 / det( A ) ) · [[d, −b], [−c, a]].

Determinant formula

det( A ) = ad − bc,
where A =
a
b
c
d

Inverse formula

A−1 =
1
det( A )
·
d
−b
−c
a
if det( A ) ≠ 0

Example 1: 2×2 matrix inverse

Step 1 - Write the matrix A.

In this problem: We start with the given matrix A.

A =
2
1
5
3

Step 2 - Use det( A ) = ad − bc.

In this problem: Use the determinant formula for a 2×2 matrix.

det( A ) = ad − bc

Step 3 - Substitute values to compute det( A ).

In this problem: Substitute values to get det( A ) = 1.

det( A ) =
( 2 )×( 3 ) − ( 1 )×( 5 ) = 1

Step 4 - Use A⁻¹ = ( 1 / det( A ) ) · [[d, −b], [−c, a]].

In this problem: Now compute A⁻¹ using the inverse formula.

A−1 =
1
det( A )
·
3
-1
-5
2
=
3
-1
-5
2

Final answer:

3
-1
-5
2

Example 2: 2×2 matrix inverse

Step 1 - Write the matrix A.

In this problem: We start with the given matrix A.

A =
4
-2
1
1

Step 2 - Use det( A ) = ad − bc.

In this problem: Use the determinant formula for a 2×2 matrix.

det( A ) = ad − bc

Step 3 - Substitute values to compute det( A ).

In this problem: Substitute values to get det( A ) = 6.

det( A ) =
( 4 )×( 1 ) − ( -2 )×( 1 ) = 6

Step 4 - Use A⁻¹ = ( 1 / det( A ) ) · [[d, −b], [−c, a]].

In this problem: Now compute A⁻¹ using the inverse formula.

A−1 =
1
det( A )
·
1
2
-1
4
=
1
6
1
3
-1
6
2
3

Final answer:

1
6
1
3
-1
6
2
3
Matrix A